Aristotle sees the universe as a scale lying between the two extremes: form without matter is on one end, and matter without form is on the other end. The passage of matter into form must be shown in its various stages in the world of nature. To do this is the object of Aristotle's physics, or philosophy of nature. It is important to keep in mind that the passage from form to matter within nature is a movement towards ends or purposes. Everything in nature has its end and function, and nothing is without its purpose. Everywhere we find evidences of design and rational plan. No doctrine of physics can ignore the fundamental notions of motion, space, and time. Motion is the passage of matter into form, and it is of four kinds: (1) motion which affects the substance of a thing, particularly its beginning and its ending; (2) motion which brings about changes in quality; (3) motion which brings about changes in quantity, by increasing it and decreasing it; and (4) motion which brings about locomotion, or change of place. Of these the last is the most fundamental and important.

Aristotle rejects the definition of space as the void. Empty space is an impossibility. Hence, too, he disagrees with the view of Plato and the Pythagoreans that the elements are composed of geometrical figures. Space is defined as the limit of the surrounding body towards what is surrounded. Time is defined as the measure of motion in regard to what is earlier and later. it thus depends for its existence upon motion. If there where no change in the universe, there would be no time. Since it is the measuring or counting of motion, it also depends for its existence on a counting mind. If there were no mind to count, there could be no time. As to the infinite divisibility of space and time, and the paradoxes proposed by Zeno, Aristotle argues that space and time are potentially divisible ad infinitum, but are not actually so divided.

After these preliminaries, Aristotle passes to the main subject of physics, the scale of being. The first thing to notice about this scale is that it is a scale of values. What is higher on the scale of being is of more worth, because the principle of form is more advanced in it. Species on this scale are eternally fixed in their place, and cannot evolve over time. The higher items on the scale are also more organized. Further, the lower items are inorganic and the higher are organic. The principle which gives internal organization to the higher or organic items on the scale of being is life, or what he calls the soul of the organism. Even the human soul is nothing but the organization of the body. Plants are the lowest forms of life on the scale, and their souls contain a nutritive element by which it preserves itself. Animals are above plants on the scale, and their souls contain an appetitive feature which allows them to have sensations, desires, and thus gives them the ability to move. The scale of being proceeds from animals to humans. The human soul shares the nutritive element with plants, and the appetitive element with animals, but also has a rational element which is distinctively our own.

This song by Seal, from I think 1990, is outstanding, memorable, and full of home truths for humans..."No, we're never gonna survive unless...we get a little crazy" is a truism...we all need those moments, I certainly do...

this weekend will be yet another dominated by hospital for me, and last night I had to call-in the doctor for my worsening condition...now, I face another couple of days beside the NHS's technology...hoping for the best for your weekend dear friends..I'm here, there and everywhere, as per usual!!

In a church,by the face,
He talks about the people going under.

Only child know...

A man decides after seventy years,
That what he goes there for, is to unlock the door.
While those around him criticize and sleep...
And through a fractal on a breaking wall,
I see you my friend, and touch your face again.
Miracles will happen as we trip.

But we're never gonna survive, unless...
We get a little crazy
No we're never gonna survive, unless...
We are a little...

Cray...cray...cray...

...Crazy yellow people walking through my head.
One of them's got a gun, to shoot the other one.
And yet together they were friends at school
Ohh, get it, get it, get it, get it no no!

If all were there when we first took the pill,
Then maybe, then maybe, then maybe, then maybe...
Miracles will happen as we speak.

But we're never gonna survive unless...
We get a little crazy.
No we're never gonna survive unless...
We are a little...
Crazy...
No no, never survive, unless we get a little... bit...

Oh, a little bit...
Oh, a little bit...

Oh...
Oh...

Amanda decides to go along after seventeen years...

Oh darlin...
In a sky full of people, only some want to fly,
Isn't that crazy?
In a world full of people, only some want to fly,
Isn't that crazy?
Crazy...
In a heaven of people there's only some want to fly,
Ain't that crazy?
Oh babe... Oh darlin...
In a world full of people there's only some want to fly,
Isn't that crazy?
Isn't that crazy... Isn't that crazy... Isn't that crazy...

Ohh...
But we're never gonna survive unless, we get a little crazy.. crazy..
No we're never gonna to survive unless we are a little... crazy..
But we're never gonna survive unless, we get a little crazy.. crazy..
No we're never gonna to survive unless, we are a little.. crazy..
No no, never survive unless, we get a little bit...

And then you see things
The size
Of which you've never known before

They'll break it

Someday...

Only child know....

Them things
The size
Of which you've never known before

Someday...
Someway...
Someday...
Someway...
Someday...
Someway...
Someday...

It's strange to be here, in a Friday evening quandary
playing like the shadows from setting sun
light chasing dark upon a steeve
in the swallow of trees and fallen seeds
starting apace beyond night's stertorous close
walking headlong into the dead-eye of a dream
-hidden moon hailing a recalescent star
the mind's silhouette of time
a dividing line of northing incline
becoming maelstrom between dusk and dawn
geostrophic north to south the illuminated travel
enforced flight of naturaphileein
our felucca in nightflight of the skies
the hypnotic element of oceanic tidings
sleeps a sand-blind desert of surprise
the call of night has daylight forever in it's eyes.

written by lauren6